The relationship between achieved blood pressure values and cardiovascular risk in women and men during antihypertensive treatment

Abstract Introduction There is limited knowledge about sex differences in effect from clinical studies of blood pressure (BP) reduction. Purpose To evaluate the associations between achieved BP and outcome Systolic Intervention Trial (SPRINT) Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk Diabetes (ACCORD BP) trials sex-specific analyses. Methods Data 9361 SPRINT 4773 ACCORD participants were analysed separately. In both randomly assigned 1:1 treatment goal (SBP <120 vs <140 mm Hg). was performed subjects without diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) while all had DM2. In-trial SBP DBP computed as mean measurements obtained during trials. The composite endpoint (CE) defined combined myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization due heart failure death cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cox proportional hazard risk models used relationship CE DBP, respectively, adjusting for age, ethnicity, current smoking, body mass index, total serum cholesterol glucose separately each sex. Results Females (N=3332) enrolled older than men (68.5±9.5 67.6±9.3 years, p<0.001), higher (141.2±16.8 138.8±14.8 Hg, p<0.001) lower (77.6±12.1 78.4±11.8 p=0.004) at baseline, less often known CVD (15.3% 22.7%, but more reported chronic kidney (CKD) (31.8% 26.3%, smoking did not differ. in-trial males (129.9±10.5 129.2±9.5, p=0.0012, 71.9±9.1 72.3±9.4 p=0.038), respectively. Compared males, females (N=2258) participating (25.8% 40.8%, or CKD (34.4% 38.4%, frequently smoked (9.8% 13.2%, (140.1±16.7 138.4±14.9 similar (76.1±10.3 75.9±10.5 p=0.51) age differ (62.8±6.4 62.7±6.9 p=0.829). among (128.5±11.8 127.6±10.3 p=0.006, 69.5±7.9 68.8±8.2 p=0.001), Both female associated with rate (hazard ratio 0.72, 95% CI 0.60–0.86, p<0.001 0.74, 0.62–0.87, p<0.001; respectively). presented Figure 1. a stronger found (Figure 2). Conclusions characteristics hypertension are different that males. Better observed females. Achieved women only when DM2 comorbidity present. Funding Acknowledgement Type funding sources: None.